Propozycja nowego wskaźnika oceny radiologicznej budowy czaszki u psa
Discussion
The proposed S-index calculated as length of the facial skull/length of the cerebrum reflects a length to length ratio. This corresponds to the definition of brachycephaly, which describes a shortening of the skull. The S-index seems to be quite equivalent to the LL-index evaluated by Brehm et al. (1985), which was determined on cadaveric skulls, using the nasal bone as a rostral border of the cerebrum.
The S-index may be even more accurate, as the rostral border of the cavum cranii is clearly recognisable in radiographs and the extent of the neighbouring nasal area can be determined precisely. In cadaver skulls, the rostral border of the cavum cranii is however not visible. That is the reason why in anatomical studies (Brehm et al., 1985; Evans, 1993) the nasal bone was chosen as the rostral border. In the clinical setting, and with regard to the respiratory tract, this landmark less precisely reflects the real proportions.
The anatomic landmarks were easy to identify on all radiographs and the various lengths could be determined without problems. From these measurements, the indices were calculated as objective characteristics. Taking radiographs from living animals always carries the problem of false positioning and aberration errors. The ‘length to width’ indices however are more susceptible to errors than the ‘length to length’ indices, because the skull must be adjusted in two [...]
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