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Chronic pain – can we make a difference?

Acute and chronic pain differ in ways other than their duration. Acute pain typically follows some tissue insult such as surgery or trauma. The pain resolves as the injury heals. Acute pain lasts less than one month and tends to be self-limiting. Acute pain also tends to be very responsive to conventional drug therapy including NSAIDs, alpha-2 agonists, and opioids. Chronic pain lasts longer than a month and can exist even after the original injury has healed.,

Chronic pain may exist in the absence of the inciting stimulus as a result of pathophysiologic changes in the central nervous system, Chronic pain from some causes (e.g., neuropathic pain) may be difficult to treat and poorly responsive to conventional analgesic therapy. Unfortunately, therapy for chronic pain may be palliative at best and may require multiple pharmacologic components and treatment modalities (i.e., various analgesic drugs, acupuncture, massage, physical therapy, weight control, etc...). Left untreated, chronic pain can radically alter an animal’s quality of life and result in behavioral changes that ultimately lead to euthanasia of the pet.

As is the case in human medicine, osteoarthritis (OA) is the main cause of chronic pain in dogs and cats. Based on the population of aged dogs in the US, it is estimated that 1 in 5 adult dogs is likely to have some form of OA. [...]

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