Urazy głowy – najnowsze informacje

Treatment guidelines

Treatment of head trauma is now proposed in a progressive tiered system based on the severity of injury and the success of the initial therapy. Tier 1 treatments are administered to all patients, tier 2 treatments are administered to all patients with failure of tier 1 treatment, tier 3 treatments are administered to all patients with a severe MGCS and failure of tier 2 treatments.

Tier 1 Therapy

A) Fluid therapy

The goal of fluid therapy in the head trauma patient is to restore a normovolemic state. It is deleterious to dehydrate an animal in an attempt to reduce cerebral oedema. Aggressive fluid therapy and systemic monitoring is required to ensure normovolemia to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion pressure and therefore cerebral blood flow (DiFazio and Fletcher, 2013).

Crystalloid, hypertonic, and colloid fluids should be given concurrently to help restore and maintain blood volume following trauma. Crystalloids are usually given initially for the treatment of systemic shock. These balanced electrolyte solutions may be given at shock doses (90 ml/kg for dogs, 60 ml/kg for cats). Typically, it is recommended that the shock dose be given in fractions starting with one third to one fourth of the calculated volume, frequently reassessing the patient.

Hypertonic and colloid fluid [...]

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