Perikardiektomia torakoskopowa. Wskazania i techniki u małych zwierząt. Cz. I/Thoracoscopic pericardectomy. Indications and techniques in small animals. Part I

Pre-operative considerations

Diagnostic workup/imaging

A good pre-operative work-up is necessary to diagnose or rule out tumor associated pericardial effusion. In a study by MacDonald (3)107 dogs with pericardial effusion were evaluated by surgery (n = 48 dogs), necropsy (n= 44), or both (n= 15).

Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography were 82% and 100%, respectively, for detection of a cardiac mass; 82% and 99%, respectively, for detection of an right atrial mass; and 74% and 98%, respectively, for detection of an heart base mass. This information is of upmost importance in order to get appropriate owner consent and to choose the recumbency and portal positioning.

Patient selection

As for any mini-invasive procedure, only stable patients will be operated. A pre-ope­rative pericardiocentesis is recommended to prevent any risk of tamponnade during patient’s preparation.
Thoracoscopic pericardectomy can also be performed in cats (25).

Prognostic factors

Dogs with pericardial effusion secondary to neoplastic causes have a poorer prognosis, with survival times ranging from 26 to 56 days, which is substantially shorter than the longer survival times of 790 to 1,068 days for dogs with pericardial effusion secondary to non neoplastic causes (2, 26). However, dogs with heart base masses that [...]

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